{"id":176,"date":"2021-01-28T14:58:59","date_gmt":"2021-01-28T11:58:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/esmeraylaw.com\/tr\/?p=176"},"modified":"2021-02-21T00:08:08","modified_gmt":"2021-02-20T21:08:08","slug":"kat-karsiligi-insaat-sozlesmesi-feshedilmis-ise-tapunun-da-arsa-sahibine-geri-donmesi-gerekir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/esmeraylaw.com\/tr\/kat-karsiligi-insaat-sozlesmesi-feshedilmis-ise-tapunun-da-arsa-sahibine-geri-donmesi-gerekir\/","title":{"rendered":"Kat kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 in\u015faat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi feshedilmi\u015f ise tapunun da arsa sahibine geri d\u00f6nmesi gerekir"},"content":{"rendered":"

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]Yarg\u0131tay<\/strong><\/p>\n

23. Hukuk Dairesi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Esas No: 2015\/9708<\/strong><\/p>\n

Karar No: 2018\/3902<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00d6ZET: <\/strong>Davada, her ne kadar davac\u0131 taraf\u00e7a cahil olundu\u011fu ve okuma yazma bilmedi\u011finden bahisle kat kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 in\u015faat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin mutlak butlanla bat\u0131l oldu\u011funun tespiti ve daval\u0131lar ad\u0131na kay\u0131tl\u0131 tapular\u0131n iptali ile davac\u0131 ad\u0131na tapuda tesciline ne karar verilmesi talep edilmi\u015f ise de; davaya konu s\u00f6zle\u015fme taraflarca kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 anla\u015fmak suretiyle feshedilmi\u015f oldu\u011fundan, s\u00f6zle\u015fme uyar\u0131nca hi\u00e7bir menfaat sa\u011flamayan davac\u0131 arsa sahibinin, daval\u0131 y\u00fckleniciye ge\u00e7en tapu kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 geri isteyememesi hayat\u0131n ola\u011fan ak\u0131\u015f\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131 olup, tapudaki intikalin s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin ifa edilece\u011fi maksad\u0131 ile yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 da g\u00f6z\u00f6n\u00fcnde tutularak, tapu kay\u0131tlar\u0131 eski hale getirilmeli ve verilen tapular arsa sahibine geri d\u00f6nmelidir.<\/p>\n

“\u0130\u00e7tihat Metni”<\/strong><\/p>\n

MAHKEMES\u0130<\/strong>: Asliye Hukuk Mahkemesi<\/p>\n

DAVA T\u00dcR\u00dc<\/strong>: Tapu iptali ve tescil-Kat kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 in\u015faat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin mutlak butlanla bat\u0131l oldu\u011funun tespiti<\/p>\n

Taraflar aras\u0131ndaki tapu iptali ve tescil davas\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131lan yarg\u0131lamas\u0131 sonunda ilamda yaz\u0131l\u0131 nedenlerden dolay\u0131 as\u0131l ve birle\u015fen davan\u0131n reddine y\u00f6nelik olarak verilen h\u00fckm\u00fcn s\u00fcresi i\u00e7inde as\u0131l ve birle\u015fen davada davaca vekilince temyiz edilmesi \u00fczerine dosya incelendi, gere\u011fi konu\u015fulup d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Davac\u0131 vekili, davac\u0131n\u0131n dava konusu ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n ilk maliki ve toprak sahibi okur-yazar olmayan cahil bir insan olu\u011funu, m\u00fcteahhit … ile 24.02.1998 tarihli arsa pay\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 in\u015faat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, s\u00f6z konusu s\u00f6zle\u015fmeyi yaparken m\u00fcvekkilin okur yazar olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 halde okur yazar gibi noterde i\u015flem yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 daha sonra m\u00fcteahhidin kendi adam\u0131 olan … ad\u0131na m\u00fcvekkilinden vekalet al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bununla sat\u0131\u015f yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, tapuda m\u00fcvekkili ad\u0131na 10\/106 hisse b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, davac\u0131n\u0131n bu i\u015flerle hi\u00e7bir ilgisinin bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, m\u00fcteahhittin in\u015faat ruhsat\u0131 almad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve s\u00f6zle\u015fme \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131 yerine getirmedi\u011fini, bu nedenle 08.05.2002 inde s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin feshedildi\u011fini, davac\u0131n\u0131n cahil oldu\u011fundan bu feshi ile topra\u011f\u0131n\u0131 geri ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yap\u0131lan t\u00fcm i\u015flemlerin mutlak butlan ile bat\u0131l oldu\u011funu ileri s\u00fcrerek bunun tespiti ile s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin geriye d\u00f6n\u00fck feshine, daval\u0131lar ad\u0131na kay\u0131tl\u0131 tapular\u0131n iptali ile davac\u0131 ad\u0131na tapuda tesciline karar verilmesini talep ve dava etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Daval\u0131lar … ve … vekili, davac\u0131n\u0131n dava konusu etti\u011fi taleplerinin zaman a\u015f\u0131m\u0131na u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunarak, usule ve esasa ili\u015fkin di\u011fer nedenlerle davan\u0131n reddine karar verilmesini talep etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Daval\u0131 … vekili, davay\u0131 kabul etmediklerini, davan\u0131n reddine karar verilmesini talep etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Mahkemece iddia, savunma ve t\u00fcm dosya kapsam\u0131na g\u00f6re, s\u00f6zle\u015fme noter huzurunda d\u00fczenleme \u015feklinde yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, sahteli\u011fi iddia edilmedi\u011fi, davac\u0131 taraf\u0131n s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin ge\u00e7ersiz oldu\u011funa y\u00f6nelik itiraz\u0131na itibar etmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 davac\u0131 taraf\u0131n \u00f6ne s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u015fekilde davac\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6zle\u015fmeyi okuyup anlamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 halde iradesinin yan\u0131lt\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na y\u00f6nelik iddia kan\u0131tlanamad\u0131\u011f\u0131, davac\u0131n\u0131n yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin anlam ve i\u00e7eri\u011finden yeterince bilgi sahibi oldu\u011fu, s\u00f6zle\u015fme gere\u011fince y\u00fcklenicinin in\u015faata ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131, ancak daha sonra davac\u0131 ile daval\u0131 y\u00fcklenicinin aralar\u0131nda anla\u015farak 08.05.2002 tarihinde noterden yapt\u0131klar\u0131 d\u00fczenleme \u015feklinde fesihname ile daha \u00f6nce d\u00fczenlenen arsa pay\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 in\u015faat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 olarak feshinde anla\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131, bu hususun davac\u0131n\u0131n daval\u0131 y\u00fcklenici ile kat kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 in\u015faat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve i\u00e7eri\u011fini bildi\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u015fekilde g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi, d\u00fczenlenen bu fesihname ile ”i\u015f bu s\u00f6zle\u015fmeye dayanarak birbirimizden hi\u00e7 bir hak ve alaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n kalmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ileride de hi\u00e7 bir hak ve alacak talebinde bulunmayaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 beyan ile fesih ve iptal ediyoruz” \u015feklinde taraflar\u0131n anla\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla fesihnamenin ayn\u0131 zamanda bir ibraname niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131, davac\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6zle\u015fme gere\u011fi daval\u0131 y\u00fckleniciye devir ve temlik edilen ta\u015f\u0131nmazlar y\u00f6n\u00fcnden herhangi bir hak talep etmeyece\u011fini resmi noter belgesi ile kabul ve ikrar etti\u011fi, di\u011fer daval\u0131lar\u0131n m\u00fcteahhitten ta\u015f\u0131nmaz sat\u0131n alan 3. Ki\u015filer olduklar\u0131, tapuya itimat ederek ve hisse devri \u015feklinde ta\u015f\u0131nmazdan pay ald\u0131klar\u0131, hukuki durumlar\u0131 itibari ile davac\u0131 ile do\u011frudan bir i\u015flemlerinin bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7eleriyle as\u0131l ve birle\u015fen davan\u0131n reddine karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Karar\u0131, as\u0131l ve birle\u015fen dava davac\u0131s\u0131 vekili temyiz etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Eser s\u00f6zle\u015fmeleri -kural olarak- ani edimli olduklar\u0131 i\u00e7in fesih, geriye etkili sonu\u00e7 do\u011furur. Geriye etkili feshe, s\u00f6zle\u015fmeden \u201cd\u00f6nme\u201d denir. D\u00f6nme halinde, s\u00f6zle\u015fme, ge\u00e7mi\u015fe etkili olarak son bulur. Ba\u015fka bir anlat\u0131mla, s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 andaki duruma d\u00f6n\u00fcl\u00fcr. Dava tarihinde y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte bulunan 818 say\u0131l\u0131 BK’n\u0131n 108\/1. maddesine g\u00f6re; s\u00f6zle\u015fmeden d\u00f6nme halinde taraflar, kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 olarak ifa y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden kurtulurlar ve daha \u00f6nce ifa ettikleri edimleri geri isteyebilirler.<\/p>\n

Kural olarak, arsa pay\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 in\u015faat s\u00f6zle\u015fmeleri kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 edimleri i\u00e7eren, iki tarafa bor\u00e7 y\u00fckleyen s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerdir. S\u00f6zle\u015fmenin taraflar\u0131ndan arsa sahibi, s\u00f6zle\u015fmeye uygun ko\u015fullarda arsas\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fckleniciye teslim etmek, y\u00fcklenici kendisine kar\u015f\u0131 edimini yerine getirdi\u011finde de edimi kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fckleniciye b\u0131rak\u0131lan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerin tapusunu ona devretmekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr. S\u00f6zle\u015fmenin di\u011fer taraf\u0131 olan y\u00fcklenicinin bedele, ba\u015fka bir anlat\u0131mla s\u00f6zle\u015fmede kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan tapu pay\u0131 veya ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z b\u00f6l\u00fcmlere hak kazanabilmesi i\u00e7in in\u015faat\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fme ve ekleri ile tasdikli proje ve in\u015faat ruhsat\u0131 ile kamu d\u00fczeninden olan imar mevzuat\u0131 ve bu do\u011frultuda \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lan Deprem Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine uygun olarak tamamlay\u0131p, arsa sahiplerine teslim etmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n

Arsa sahibi ile aras\u0131nda arsa pay\u0131 devri kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 in\u015faat yap\u0131m s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi bulunan y\u00fcklenicinin \u015fahsi hakk\u0131n\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015fiye temlik etmesi halinde \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015finin if\u00e2 talep edip edemeyece\u011finin saptanmas\u0131nda \u00f6ncelikle y\u00fcklenicinin edimini (eseri meydana getirme ve teslim borcunu) yerine getirip getirmedi\u011finin, ard\u0131ndan s\u00f6zle\u015fme h\u00fck\u00fcmlerindeki di\u011fer bor\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 ifa edip etmedi\u011finin a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011fa kavu\u015fturulmas\u0131 zorunludur.<\/p>\n

Daval\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filerin hen\u00fcz in\u015faat\u0131na k\u0131smen ba\u015flanmam\u0131\u015f binadan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z b\u00f6l\u00fcm edinmeyi ama\u00e7lad\u0131\u011f\u0131, bunun i\u00e7inde ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z b\u00f6l\u00fcmle ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131, arsa pay\u0131 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Al\u0131c\u0131, arsan\u0131n ger\u00e7ekte, y\u00fckleniciye ait olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, arsa pay\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ona bu pay\u0131n verildi\u011fini, y\u00fcklenicinin edimini yerine getirmemesi halinde kendisine b\u0131rak\u0131lan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z b\u00f6l\u00fcmler ve arsa paylar\u0131nda hakk\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilmekte ve dolay\u0131s\u0131 ile arsa maliki taraf\u0131ndan arsa pay\u0131n\u0131n iptal edilece\u011fi riskini g\u00f6ze alarak tapuyu devralmaktad\u0131r. Di\u011fer bir deyi\u015fle, yap\u0131lacak ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z b\u00f6l\u00fcme ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak arsa pay\u0131 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bilincindedir.<\/p>\n

Y\u00fckleniciye devredilen pay, avans niteli\u011finde oldu\u011fundan y\u00fcklenicinin edimini yerine getirmedi\u011fi durumlarda ondan pay devralan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filerin hak sahibi olmalar\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. B\u00f6yle bir durumda \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filerin T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu’nun 1023. maddesindeki iyiniyet kural\u0131ndan faydalanmalar\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, y\u00fcklenici edimini tam ve yasal olarak yerine getirmedi\u011finden ayn\u0131 Yasa’n\u0131n 1024. maddesine g\u00f6re y\u00fckleniciden pay sat\u0131n alan ki\u015filerin bu al\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, geriye fesih ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131 halinde bu nedenle daval\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filer adlar\u0131na kay\u0131tl\u0131 olan tapu paylar\u0131n\u0131n da iptal edilerek davac\u0131 arsa sahibi ad\u0131na tesciline karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n

Somut olayda, her ne kadar ibraname niteli\u011finde olan fesihnamede, taraflar\u0131n bu s\u00f6zle\u015fmeye dayanarak ileride hi\u00e7bir hak ve alacak talebinde bulunmayacaklar\u0131 yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ise de; s\u00f6zle\u015fme uyar\u0131nca hi\u00e7bir menfaat sa\u011flamayan davac\u0131 arsa sahibinin, daval\u0131 y\u00fckleniciye ge\u00e7en tapu kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 geri isteyememesi hayat\u0131n ola\u011fan ak\u0131\u015f\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r. Bu durumda y\u00fckleniciye ge\u00e7en tapu kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n eski hale getirilmesi gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n

Taraflar aras\u0131ndaki s\u00f6zle\u015fme 08.05.2002 tarihli fesihname ile feshedilmi\u015ftir. Bu durumda verilen tapular arsa sahibine geri d\u00f6nmelidir. B\u00f6yle bir tapu intikali s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin ifa edilece\u011fi maksad\u0131 ile yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. S\u00f6zle\u015fme taraflarca feshedildi\u011fine g\u00f6re tapu iptal ve tescil talebinin kabul\u00fcne karar verilmesi gerekirken, mahkemece as\u0131l ve birle\u015fen davan\u0131n reddine karar verilmesi hatal\u0131 olmu\u015f, bozmay\u0131 gerektirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

SONU\u00c7:<\/strong> Yukar\u0131da a\u00e7\u0131klanan nedenlerle, as\u0131l ve birle\u015fen dava davac\u0131s\u0131 vekilinin temyiz itirazlar\u0131n\u0131n kabul\u00fc ile h\u00fckm\u00fcn, as\u0131l ve birle\u015fen dava davac\u0131s\u0131 yarar\u0131na BOZULMASINA, pe\u015fin al\u0131nan harc\u0131n istek halinde temyiz edene iadesine, karar\u0131n tebli\u011finden itibaren 15 g\u00fcn i\u00e7erisinde karar d\u00fczeltme yolu a\u00e7\u0131k olmak \u00fczere, 03.07.2018 tarihinde oy\u00e7oklu\u011fuyla karar verildi.<\/p>\n

Muhalefet \u015eerhi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ta\u015f\u0131nmaz m\u00fclkiyeti edinme tapu sicili ile m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Tapu sicili herkese a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. \u0130lgili herkes, tapu k\u00fct\u00fc\u011f\u00fcndeki ilgili sayfa ve belgelerin kendisine g\u00f6sterilmesini veya bunlar\u0131n \u00f6rneklerinin verilmesini tapu memurundan isteyebilir. Tapu k\u00fct\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f her tescil, bir ayni hakk\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lar. Ge\u00e7erli bir tescil, sicil d\u0131\u015f\u0131 meydana gelen bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik sonucu sonradan yolsuz tescil haline gelebilir. Bu durumda bile iyi niyetli \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filer bak\u0131m\u0131ndan, tescilin olumlu h\u00fckm\u00fc uygulan\u0131r. Yani, iyi niyetli \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filerin b\u00f6yle bir tescile g\u00fcvenerek kazand\u0131klar\u0131 ayni haklar korunur.(…m.1023)<\/p>\n

\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015finin yolsuz kayda dayanarak ayni hak kazan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n korunabilmesi i\u00e7in tescilin yolsuzlu\u011funu bilmemesi veya bilebilecek durumda olmamas\u0131 gerekir. Bu ba\u011flamda, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filerin Medeni Kanun\u2019un 3. maddesi \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde iyiniyetli olmas\u0131 esast\u0131r. Buna g\u00f6re, kendisinden beklenen \u00f6zeni g\u00f6stermeyen, tescilin yolsuz oldu\u011funu bilen veya bilebilecek durumda olan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filer iyiniyet iddias\u0131nda bulunamazlar. Burada aranan iyiniyet, tescil isteminin yevmiye defterine kayd\u0131 esnas\u0131nda mevcut olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak, k\u00fct\u00fckteki tescilin belgelerle \u00e7eli\u015fti\u011fini bilmesine ya da \u015f\u00fcphelenmesine ra\u011fmen bunu incelemekten veya gerekli \u00f6zeni g\u00f6stermekten ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131r ise, iyiniyet iddias\u0131nda bulunamaz. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015finin iyiniyetli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ispat etme y\u00fck\u00fc, iddia eden tarafa aittir. Ancak iyiniyetin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kan\u0131tlamak zor oldu\u011fundan bunu iddia eden baz\u0131 fiili karinelerden yararlanabilir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, ayni hak kazanan ki\u015fiyle yak\u0131n bir ili\u015fkinin bulunmas\u0131, mal\u0131n el de\u011fi\u015ftirmesinin k\u0131ssa s\u00fcrede olmas\u0131 veya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bir bedelle el de\u011fi\u015ftirmesi durumlar\u0131nda iyiniyet iddias\u0131nda bulunulamayaca\u011f\u0131 karine olarak kabul edilebilir.<\/p>\n

Arsa pay\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 in\u015faat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi, b\u00fcnyesinde gayrimenkul sat\u0131\u015f vaadi ve eser s\u00f6zle\u015fmesini bar\u0131nd\u0131ran bir s\u00f6zle\u015fmedir. Bu s\u00f6zle\u015fmede arsa sahibi, s\u00f6zle\u015fmeye uygun ko\u015fullarda arsas\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fckleniciye teslim etmek; y\u00fcklenici kendisine kar\u015f\u0131 edimini yerine getirdi\u011finde ise y\u00fckleniciye b\u0131rak\u0131lan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerin tapusunu ona devretmek ile y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr. S\u00f6zle\u015fmenin di\u011fer taraf\u0131 olan y\u00fcklenicinin edim borcu ise s\u00f6zle\u015fmede kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan ko\u015fullarda binay\u0131 yap\u0131p arsa sahibine teslim etmektir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda arsa pay\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 in\u015faat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi ani edimli bir s\u00f6zle\u015fmedir. Ani edimli s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin kural olarak geriye etkili feshi ve tasfiyesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Geriye etkili fesihte s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin taraflar\u0131 verdiklerini sebepsiz zenginle\u015fme kurallar\u0131na g\u00f6re geri isteyebilirler. Uygulamada arsa pay\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 in\u015faat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi yap\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra y\u00fcklenici hen\u00fcz edimlerini yerine getirmeden; arsa sahibi, arsa veya kat irtifak tapular\u0131n\u0131 veya bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fcklenici ad\u0131na tescil ettirmekte ve y\u00fcklenici finans ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in devredilen ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z b\u00f6l\u00fcm veya arsa hisselerini \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filere satmaktad\u0131r. Arsa pay\u0131 veya ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerin sat\u0131lmas\u0131ndan sonra y\u00fcklenici edimlerini yerine getirmedi\u011fi i\u00e7in s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin geriye etkili feshedildi\u011fi bir realitedir.<\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131da izah edildi\u011fi gibi, y\u00fckleniciden arsa hissesi sat\u0131n alan iyi niyetli \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015finin TMK n\u0131n 1023. maddesine istinaden “tapuya g\u00fcven ilkesi” gere\u011fince iktisab\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131 gerekir. Bu ilkeden ancak \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015finin k\u00f6t\u00fc niyetli oldu\u011funun ispatlanmas\u0131 halinde vazge\u00e7ilebilir. Y\u00fcklenici ad\u0131na yap\u0131lan tescil i\u015flemini her halde “yolsuz tescil” kabul etmek, toplumda onar\u0131lmaz zararlara sebep olmakta ve adalet duygusuna zarar vermektedir. Yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmada tapu kayd\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcklenici ad\u0131na oldu\u011funu tespit eden birinin -aksi ispat edilmedik\u00e7e- iyi niyetli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in “tapuya g\u00fcven ilkesine” istinaden m\u00fclkiyet kazan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131 TMK n\u0131n 1023. maddesi ve hakkaniyet gere\u011fidir.<\/p>\n

Her arsa pay\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 in\u015faat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesine istinaden tapu intikali yap\u0131lan y\u00fckleniciden tamamen iyi niyetli olarak arsa pay\u0131 sat\u0131n alan\u0131n bu iktisab\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7ersiz saymak TMK n\u0131n 1023. maddesi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a Kanuna ayk\u0131r\u0131 davranmak olacakt\u0131r. Arsa sahibi iyi niyetli ve risk almak istemiyorsa; tapu devrinin, s\u00f6zle\u015fme nedeniyle yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tapunun beyanlar hanesine \u015ferh vermek suretiyle \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filerin iyi niyet iddialar\u0131n\u0131 bertaraf edebilir. Tapu siciline basit bir \u015ferh vermekten ka\u00e7\u0131nan arsa sahibinin tamamen iyi niyetli \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filer kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda ve onlar\u0131n zarar\u0131na sebep olacak \u015fekilde korunmas\u0131 menfaatler dengesine ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu gibi, ta\u015f\u0131nmaz hukukunun temeli olan “tapuya g\u00fcven ilkesine” de a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Somut olayda davac\u0131\/arsa sahibi ile daval\u0131 y\u00fcklenici aras\u0131nda 24.02.1998 tarihinde arsa pay\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 in\u015faat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, arsa tapusunun y\u00fckleniciye devredildi\u011fi, y\u00fcklenicinin edimlerini yerine getirmemesi nedeniyle s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin geriye etkili feshedildi\u011fi sabittir. Yarg\u0131laman\u0131n t\u00fcm a\u015famalar\u0131nda daval\u0131 iyi niyetli \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filer tapuya g\u00fcvenerek y\u00fckleniciden arsa pay\u0131 sat\u0131n ald\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 beyan etmi\u015flerdir. Davac\u0131 taraf, arsa pay\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 in\u015faat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesini tapuya \u015ferh ettirmeden, tapuyu y\u00fckleniciye devretmi\u015f, y\u00fcklenici daval\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filere arsa pay\u0131 satm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yukar\u0131da da a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z gibi, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filerin iyi niyeti as\u0131ld\u0131r. Yani daval\u0131lar\u0131n TMK n\u0131n 1023. maddesine istinaden “tapuya g\u00fcven ilkesi” gere\u011fince iyi niyetli olduklar\u0131 karine olarak kabul edilir. Bu karinenin aksini, daval\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filerin k\u00f6t\u00fc niyetli oldu\u011funu davac\u0131 taraf\u0131n ispatlamas\u0131 gerekir. Somut olayda davac\u0131 taraf, \u201cafaki\u201d iddialar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda daval\u0131lar\u0131n k\u00f6t\u00fc niyetli oldu\u011funa dair hi\u00e7bir delil sunamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu nedenle, daval\u0131 iyi niyetli \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filerin m\u00fclkiyet iktisab\u0131n\u0131n TMK n\u0131n 1023. maddesi gere\u011fince korunmas\u0131 gerekir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Dairemizin Say\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funun bozma karar\u0131na sadece bu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle muhalifim.<\/p>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]Yarg\u0131tay 23. Hukuk Dairesi Esas No: 2015\/9708 Karar No: 2018\/3902 \u00d6ZET: Davada, her ne kadar davac\u0131 taraf\u00e7a cahil olundu\u011fu ve okuma yazma bilmedi\u011finden bahisle kat kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 [\u2026]<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-176","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ictihat"],"yoast_head":"\nKat kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 in\u015faat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi feshedilmi\u015f ise tapunun da arsa sahibine geri d\u00f6nmesi gerekir - Esmeray Hukuk B\u00fcrosu<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Taraflarca kat kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 in\u015faat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 anla\u015fmak suretiyle feshedilmi\u015f ise, s\u00f6zle\u015fme uyar\u0131nca hi\u00e7bir menfaat sa\u011flamayan davac\u0131 arsa sahibinin, daval\u0131 y\u00fckleniciye ge\u00e7en tapu kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 geri isteyememesi hayat\u0131n ola\u011fan ak\u0131\u015f\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131 olup, tapudaki intikalin s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin ifa edilece\u011fi maksad\u0131 ile yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 da g\u00f6z\u00f6n\u00fcnde tutularak, tapu kay\u0131tlar\u0131 eski hale getirilmeli ve verilen tapular arsa sahibine geri d\u00f6nmelidir.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/esmeraylaw.com\/tr\/kat-karsiligi-insaat-sozlesmesi-feshedilmis-ise-tapunun-da-arsa-sahibine-geri-donmesi-gerekir\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Kat kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 in\u015faat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi feshedilmi\u015f ise tapunun da arsa sahibine geri d\u00f6nmesi gerekir - 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